Address

Department of Neurology,

132 Dostoevskogo ul. (Therapeutic Building №3,),

Ufa City, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russian Federation

Zip Code: 450005

Phone: +7-347-248-23-01

E-mail: kafneuro@bashgmu.ru

HISTORY OF THE DEPARTMENT

The Department of Nervous Diseases of the Bashkir State Medical Institute was established in 1936 on the base of the Bashkir Regional Neurophysiotherapeutic Institute. The first head of the department was Vasily Konstantinovich Voroshilov, who was invited from the Clinic of Nervous Diseases of Kazan University, headed by the famous professor A.V. Favorsky. In 1937, Nikolai Ivanovich Savchenko, who shortly before had defended his doctoral dissertation at the Department of Nervous Diseases of the II Moscow Medical Institute under the guidance of Academician M.B. Krol, was elected to the post of the Head of the Department. Along with heading the department, he was appointed director of the Bashkir Regional Nervous Physiotherapeutic Institute. Professor N.I. Savchenko was a talented organizer and scientist with a wide range of scientific interests. One of his merits is the organization of the first in the republic neurosurgical department for 10 beds at the Nervous Physiotherapeutic Institute. N.I. Savchenko paid much attention to the study of natural healing factors of Bashkortostan. On his initiative in 1939 he opened an experimental Krasnousolsk balneological station, on the basis of which a large resort of federal significance grew in the following years. During the years of the Great Patriotic War, the staff of the department did a lot of consultative work in hospitals and, in accordance with the needs of the time, studied cranial and brain injuries (Prof. N.I.Savchenko, Candidate of Medical Sciences M.R.Yenikeeva). The materials of these studies were published in the multi-volume edition "The Experience of Soviet Medicine in the Great Patriotic War". At the end of the 40s, in connection with the intensive development of oil production and refining industry in Bashkortostan, the staff of the department began to study the clinical manifestations and pathogenesis of lesions of the nervous system in occupational diseases caused by exposure to oil refining products (Prof. N.I.Savchenko, Candidate of Medical Sciences A.I.Slobodchikova, Candidate of Science N.A.Borisova). Methods of treatment of neurological manifestations of occupational intoxications were proposed and recommendations on improvement of working conditions were developed. On the initiative of N.I.Savchenko at the Clinic of Nervous Diseases in 1947 for the first time in Bashkortostan a specialized occupational pathology department for 50 beds was created, which in 1955 became the base for the clinical department of the Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Hygiene and Occupational Diseases (now Institute of Occupational Medicine and Human Ecology).

Another leading problem, which was dealt with by the students of Professor N.I. Savchenko, was the study of clinical and epidemiologic features of neuroinfectious disease widespread in the territory of Bashkortostan - tick-borne encephalitis (Candidate of Medical Sciences M.E. Tretyakova). Under the direction of Prof. N.I. Savchenko five candidate dissertations were performed and defended.

After the departure of Prof. N.I. Savchenko to his homeland in Omsk (where for many years he also headed the Department of Neurology), the Department of Nervous Diseases with a course of physiotherapy of the Bashkir Medical Institute was headed by Associate Professor Nikolai Fedorovich Vorobyev, who for fifteen years was simultaneously the Rector of the Institute. He went through a hard school of life on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War and returned to teaching after the Victory. An experienced teacher and an excellent clinician, N.F. Vorobyev enjoyed unquestionable authority among the staff of the department and the whole institute as a whole. His scientific interests were devoted to the study of the role of vascular factor in the clinical picture of brain tumors, pathogenesis of nervous system lesions in some infectious diseases. He continued the study of resort resources of Bashkortostan, which allowed him to recommend their reasonable use in the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with diseases of the peripheral and central nervous system. N.F. Vorobyov paid much attention to equipping the clinic, which by that time was located on the basis of the Republican Clinical Hospital named after G.G. Kuvatov, with modern diagnostic equipment. This raised the practical and research work of neurologists to a new level.

From 1967 to 1989 the department was headed by Ninel Andreevna Borisova, a prominent scientist and health care organizer. The new scientific direction of the department was the study of dysontogenetic and neurodegenerative diseases. Especially syringomyelia was closely studied, which had for Bashkiria the significance of a regional pathology. The frequency and distribution of the disease in the territory of the Republic were established, the features of clinical manifestations, the nature of metabolic, immunological changes and microcirculation disorders in the body at different stages of the disease were studied, new approaches to diagnosis, treatment, including surgical and sanatorium treatment were developed, including surgical and sanatorium-resort treatment, so that the level of primary disability of patients decreased (Cand. diss. of L.A.Agapova, R.V.Magzhanov, A.G.Galliamov, F.M.Baybazarova, J.H.Zarudi, I.V.Valikova, G.A.Kuchaeva, I.Sh.Khuramshin, Sh.M.Safin, K.Z.Bakhtiyarova, R.H.Akhmetova, etc.). Long-term fundamental studies of this disease by Professor N.A. Borisova and her students were summarized in the monograph "Syringomyelia", published in the publishing house "Medicine" in 1989. Ufa becomes one of the active centers of neurological science. Republican, All-Russian, All-Union conferences on various problems of neurology and neurosurgery are held, including the All-Russian conference on degenerative diseases of the nervous system (1974), visiting scientific session of the Institute of Neurology of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences (1978), IV All-Russian Congress of Neurologists and Psychiatrists (1980), All-Union conferences on immunopathology of nervous and mental diseases (1983), on neurosurgery (1985) and sexopathology (1986). With the participation of Professor N.A. Borisova, as the chief supernumerary neurologist of the MH RB and the head of the Neurological Center, the neurological service of Ufa and the Republic was improved, new neurological departments were opened, new types of specialized medical care (medical-genetic, sexopathological) were formed. Under the direction of Professor N. A. Borisova 1 doctoral and 32 candidate dissertations were carried out, she has 14 copyright certificates for inventions. Since 1969 she has been the permanent Chairman, since 2014 - Honorary Chairman of the Board of the Society of Neurologists (before 1989 - neuropathologists and psychiatrists) of Bashkortostan, member of the Board of the All-Russian Society of Neurologists. Ninel Andreevna is a talented teacher, clinician and scientist, honored scientist of BASSR, honorary academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan, holder of the Order of the Labor Red Banner. In connection with the opening of the pediatric faculty in 1964 the teaching of child neurology was introduced, and in 1972 an independent department of neurology of the pediatric and sanitary-hygienic faculties was organized, which was headed by Professor Amina Sadykovna - the first full-time postgraduate student of the department (1950-1953). Her scientific researches were devoted to the study of tubercular meningitis (Candidate dissertation, 1953), infantile cerebral paralysis, the use of therapeutic factors of Krasnousolsky resort for the complex treatment of flaccid and spastic paralysis was proposed (Doctoral dissertation, 1971). In 1982 the departments were united again under the direction of Prof. N.A.Borisova.

Long-term and versatile researches of hereditary neuromuscular diseases conducted at the department (Candidate of Medical Sciences M.E.Tretyakova) created prerequisites for the opening in 1970 under the scientific and methodical guidance of the department of medical genetic consultation at the Republican Clinical Hospital and the beginning of teaching medical genetics at the department (in accordance with the order of the Ministry of Health of the USSR "On the organization of consulting rooms of medical genetics in Republican, territorial, regional hospitals", 1969). And nowadays MGC is the educational base of the department, where practical classes with students of all main faculties of the university on medical genetics are held, scientific researches together with practical doctors, consultations of patients by the head of the department and associate professor are conducted. Under the guidance of the department, 7 candidate theses were performed and defended by the staff of the MGC.

Since 1989, the Department of Neurology with courses of neurosurgery and medical genetics is headed by Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Honored Physician of the Republic of Bashkortostan and the Russian Federation, Chevalier of the Order "For Merit to the Republic of Bashkortostan" Magzhanov Rim Valeevich. At the same time he provides leadership of neurological and medical genetic services of the republic, being the chief supernumerary neurologist and specialist in medical genetics of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Bashkortostan. (1989 - 2012). Then, the department trained students of medical, pediatric, medical-preventive and dental faculties in neurology with neurosurgery and medical genetics. From the very beginning of the department's existence the student scientific club, a forge of scientific and pedagogical staff (curator of the club - Professor L.R. Akhmadeeva) has been working. At the annual final interuniversity scientific conferences of students and young scientists the students of the department take prize-winning places with enviable constancy, the club itself was repeatedly marked by diplomas for activity. The department conducts postgraduate training of doctors in internship in specialty "neurology" and residency in specialties "neurology" and "neurosurgery". During its existence the department has trained more than 400 interns and 170 clinical residents, 20 people were trained in postgraduate studies, including two citizens of foreign countries. For many years the department conducted cycles of general and thematic improvement for doctors of neurologists of the republic, and the first dean of the Institute was an associate professor of the department A.G.Bakirov. Since 2001 the improvement of doctors is carried out at the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery of the University, headed by Prof. L.B.Novikova. Nevertheless, the department continues to actively participate in the continuing professional education of neurologists: scientific and practical conferences, schools, seminars, teleconferences with the participation of leading domestic and foreign neurologists: in particular, British-Bashkir seminars on hereditary neuromuscular diseases (2000) and neuropathies (2001), schools-seminars on clinical neurophysiology and epileptology (2003-2015), early neurorehabilitation of patients with stroke (2005), multiple sclerosis (annually since 2011), the first in Russia school of angioneurology of NCN RAMS (2006), neurological readings (annually since 2010) and Neurological Forums (annually since 2011), the staff of the department are members of the attestation commission of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Bashkortostan and certification commission at BSMU on profile specialties, experts of the licensing commission and RFOMS.

Educational activity, therapeutic, consultative and organizational-methodical work of the department staff is carried out on the basis of neurology department and consultative polyclinic of the Republican Clinical Hospital named after G.G. Kuvatov, Children's Center of Psychoneurology and Epileptology of the Republican Children's Clinical Hospital, Republican Medical and Genetic Center, Clinic of BSMU, City Clinical Hospital №18, Republican Cardiology Center.

The main directions of scientific work of the department are related to the study of hereditary, neurodegenerative, vascular and demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system, research in the field of genetics and neurorehabilitation. Neurogenetic researches have entered a new phase of their development since 1993 due to close cooperation with scientists of the Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics of the Ufa Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences under the direction of Professor E.K. Khusnutdinova and the use of molecular genetic technology for recognition of hereditary and hereditary predisposed pathology. As a result of these studies, the spectrum and frequency of mutations in the corresponding genes were determined: phenylketonuria (Candidate of Medical Sciences S.Sh. Murzabaeva), Duchenne myodystrophy (Candidate of Biological Sciences O. Grinchuk), Wilson's disease (Candidate of Medical Sciences A.S.Karunas, Candidate of Medical Sciences A.R.Magzhanova), Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (Candidate of Medical Sciences N.B.Krupina, Doctor of Biological Sciences I.M.Khidiyatova), mutations previously not described in the literature were revealed. Epidemiology, clinical and biochemical manifestations, clinical-molecular-genetic correlations were studied in diseases of trinucleotide repeat expansion: myotonic dystrophy (Doctor of Medical Sciences L.R. Akhmadeeva, Candidate of Biological Sciences R.I.Fatkhlislamova, Doctor of Medical Sciences E.V.Sayfullina, Candidate of Medical Sciences V.F.Tunik, Candidate of Medical Sciences R.R.Mukhametova), Huntington's chorea (Candidate of Medical Sciences I.A.Kutuev), spinocerebellar ataxias (Candidate of Medical Sciences E.Z.Mingazova). The results of many years of cooperative scientific research were summarized in collective monographs "DNA-diagnostics and prevention of hereditary pathology in the Republic of Bashkortostan" (Ufa, 2005), "Ethnogenomics of the peoples of Central Asia: gene pool structure and molecular genetic basis of hereditary pathology" / edited by Prof. E.K. Khusnutdinova (Ufa, 2014). Under the guidance of Professor R.V. Magzhanov, clinical-epidemiological, clinical-genetic and molecular-genetic studies of such common multifactorial diseases of the nervous system as myasthenia gravis (Candidate of Medical Sciences A.T. Ishmukhametova), Parkinson's disease (Candidate of Medical Sciences A.R. Baytimerov), multiple sclerosis (Doctor of Medical Sciences K.Z. Bakhtiyarova) were conducted for the first time in the Republic of Bashkortostan, epilepsy (Candidate of Medical Sciences S.R. Nurmukhametova). The results of the research were included in the monograph of the team of authors edited by Acad. M.V. Ugryumov "Neurodegenerative diseases: from the genome to the whole organism" (in 2 volumes, Moscow: Publishing House "Scientific World", 2014), which was awarded the "Grand Prix" of the competition "Scientific Book 2015" of the Council on Book Publishing at the International Association of Academies of Sciences. Computer registers for monogenic and multifactorial diseases (Huntington's chorea, myotonic dystrophy, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, myasthenia gravis, Parkinson's disease) have been developed and introduced into the practice of the neurology clinic and medical and genetic consultation of the republic, which allow to organize, systematize and analyze data on patients, optimize diagnosis, dispensary observation and medical and genetic counseling in aggravated families, increase the effectiveness of preventive programs. As a recognition of the achievements of Bashkortostan scientists in the field of population genetic research and the study of hereditary pathology, the V Russian Congress of Medical Geneticists was held in Ufa in May 2005.

Since 2007, the department has been involved in international multicenter clinical trials. Studies of natural focal neuroinfections continued. For the first time a comprehensive study of cerebral disorders in the most widespread in Bashkortostan natural-focal infection - hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) was conducted, the main neurological syndromes were identified, diagnostic and prognostic criteria of cerebral pathology were proposed (doctoral dissertation of L.B.Novikova under the scientific advice of Prof. R.V.Magzhanov). Epidemiology and clinical manifestations of tick-borne neuroborreliosis were studied for the first time in the Republic of Bashkortostan under the guidance of Prof. R.V.Magzhanov (Candidate of Medical Sciences R.A.Ibatullin). Studies in the field of dysontogenetic pathology of the nervous system are supplemented by the study of clinical manifestations and effectiveness of treatment, including surgical treatment, of hydrocephalus (Doctor of Medical Sciences Sh. M. Safin, Candidate of Medical Sciences, A.R. Faizullin), craniovertebral anomalies - Chiari malformation (Candidate of Medical Sciences Rashid Imad Muhamad) and Kimmerle atlas anomaly (Candidate of Medical Sciences G.M. Musina, Candidate of Medical Sciences R.T. Sharipov). Within the framework of the complex scientific program ENTAS of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan ecological-epidemiological studies were devoted to the North-Eastern region of the Republic of Bashkortostan (Prof. R.V. Magzhanov, Prof. N.A. Borisova), their results were marked in 1998 by the "Golden Diploma" of the International Forum on Problems of Science, Technology and Education and summarized in the monograph of the team of authors "Problems of Ecology". Principles of their solution on the example of the Southern Urals" (Moscow: "Nauka", 2003). The staff of the department continued the research on epidemiology of vascular brain diseases in the Republic of Bashkortostan, conducted in the 70s in several regions of the country (including Bashkiria) under the WHO program under the scientific and methodological guidance of the Research Institute of Neurology of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences. On the initiative of the National Association for Stroke Control (NABI), Bashkortostan was again included in the number of Russian regions for the implementation of the scientific program "Brain Stroke Register", for the implementation of which the Center for Stroke Prevention was established in Ufa on the basis of the polyclinic of the State Clinical Hospital №18 under the scientific and methodological guidance of the Department (Prof. N.A. Borisov). Thanks to the register, the most accurate epidemiologic data on stroke morbidity were obtained, which served as a basis for scientifically grounded planning of the volume of medical and social care for stroke patients (PhD thesis by O.V. Kachemayeva, 2007).

In 2018, the department was reorganized with the separation of the courses of medical genetics and neurosurgery from its structure. They became independent departments of BSMU, headed by Prof. E.K. Khusnutdinova and Prof. Sh.M. Safin respectively.

Since 2020 the Department of Neurology is headed by Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor Kutlubaev M.A. The scientific work on priority directions of clinical neurology continues at the Department. New scientific directions of the department include the study of cognitive-behavioral disorders in neurological practice, the study of various aspects of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and the development of new approaches to the management of patients with cerebrovascular pathology. Under the direction of Prof. K.Z. Bakhtiyarova, clinical-epidemiological and genetic features of CNS demyelinating diseases are being studied (Candidates of Medical Sciences A.R. Rakhmatullin, E.V. Ivanova, E.R. Khasanova (in collaboration with Harbin University), L.R. Rakhmatullina, T.R. Galiullin). Prof. L.R. Akhmadeeva and her students conduct research on various aspects of neurorehabilitation, headaches, somatoneurology (Candidates of Medical Sciences V.A. Voevodin, E.N. Zakirova, N.M. Blinova, A.R. Saitgareeva (in collaboration with Harbin University), D.R. Teregulova, etc.).

Cooperation with other universities is actively developing, in particular, with Sechenov University, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Postgraduate Education (Moscow), Kazan State Medical University, National Institute of Public Health of the Republic of Armenia, University of Edinburgh (UK), University of Sydney (Australia), University of Washington (Seattle, USA) and many others. Scientific developments are carried out together, leading employees of other universities perform as guest lecturers. The results of research of the faculty of the department are published in the leading world and domestic periodicals (Stroke, Journal of Neurology, International Journal of Stroke, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Epilepsy and Behavior, Practical Neurology, Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry named after S.S. Korsakov and etc.).

The Department of Neurology closely cooperates with medical organizations of RB. Conferences, seminars, clinical cases for practicing physicians are regularly held, and consultative work is actively carried out. M.A. Kutlubayev is the chief freelance neurologist of the Ministry of Health of RB (since 2019), Prof. K.Z. Bakhtiyarova heads the Center of Multiple Sclerosis at the Republican Clinical Hospital named after G.G. Kuvatov, Prof. L.R. Akhmadeeva - the Clinic of Neurology of Сlinic BSMU, Associate Professor R.A. Ibatullin - the Center of Botulinum Therapy and Extrapyramidal Pathology at the Republican Clinical Hospital named after G.G. Kuvatov.

Eleven doctoral and 87 candidate dissertations were defended at the Department, 17 patents for inventions were issued, 30 monographs and collections of scientific works were published. Achievements of the department are the common merit of all employees, who are a cohesive team. We honor the memory of teachers and try to pass on the best traditions of the past to future generations of teachers.